5 research outputs found
From the production of primordial perturbations to the end of inflation
In addition to generating the appropriate perturbation power spectrum, an
inflationary scenario must take into account the need for inflation to end
subsequently. In the context of single-field inflation models where inflation
ends by breaking of the slow-roll condition, we constrain the first and second
derivatives of the inflaton potential using this additional requirement. We
compare this with current observational constraints from the primordial
spectrum and discuss several issues relating to our results.Comment: RevTex4, 6 pages, 7 figures. To match version accepted by PR
K-essence and the coincidence problem
K-essence has been proposed as a possible means of explaining the coincidence
problem of the Universe beginning to accelerate only at the present epoch. We
carry out a comprehensive dynamical systems analysis of the k-essence models
given so far in the literature. We numerically study the basin of attraction of
the tracker solutions and we highlight the behaviour of the field close to
sound speed divergences. We find that, when written in terms of parameters with
a simple dynamical interpretation, the basins of attraction represent only a
small region of the phase space.Comment: 5 pages RevTeX4 file with two figures incorporated. Minor changes to
match PRD accepted versio
Perturbations in cosmologies with a scalar field and a perfect fluid
We study the properties of cosmological density perturbations in a
multi-component system consisting of a scalar field and a perfect fluid. We
discuss the number of degrees of freedom completely describing the system,
introduce a full set of dynamical gauge-invariant equations in terms of the
curvature and entropy perturbations, and display an efficient formulation of
these equations as a first-order system linked by a fairly sparse matrix. Our
formalism includes spatial gradients, extending previous formulations
restricted to the large-scale limit, and fully accounts for the evolution of an
isocurvature mode intrinsic to the scalar field. We then address the issue of
the adiabatic condition, in particular demonstrating its preservation on large
scales. Finally, we apply our formalism to the quintessence scenario and
clearly underline the importance of initial conditions when considering
late-time perturbations. In particular, we show that entropy perturbations can
still be present when the quintessence field energy density becomes
non-negligible.Comment: RevTex4, 9 pages, 3 figures. Significant additions on the
quintessence scenario (new appendix and additional numerical example).
Conclusions unchanged, but more robus
A new view of k-essence
K-essence models, relying on scalar fields with non-canonical kinetic terms,
have been proposed as an alternative to quintessence in explaining the observed
acceleration of the Universe. We consider the use of field redefinitions to
cast k-essence in a more familiar form. While k-essence models cannot in
general be rewritten in the form of quintessence models, we show that in
certain dynamical regimes an equivalence can be made, which in particular can
shed light on the tracking behaviour of k-essence. In several cases, k-essence
cannot be observationally distinguished from quintessence using the homogeneous
evolution, though there may be small effects on the perturbation spectrum. We
make a detailed analysis of two k-essence models from the literature and
comment on the nature of the fine tuning arising in the models.Comment: 7 pages RevTeX4 file with four figures incorporate
Initial conditions for quintessence after inflation
We consider the behaviour of a quintessence field during an inflationary
epoch, in order to learn how inflation influences the likely initial conditions
for quintessence. We use the stochastic inflation formalism to study quantum
fluctuations induced in the quintessence field during the early stages of
inflation, and conclude that these drive its mean to large values (> 0.1
m_{Planck}). Consequently we find that tracker behaviour typically starts at
low redshift, long after nucleosynthesis and most likely also after decoupling.Comment: 6 pages RevTeX4 file with five figures incorporated. Matches
published versio